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.See Informal commercialdefining, 36 37; and occupations, importers45 48; and sexuality, 36 37, 79 Identity: and appearance, 126 130;Gender relations: in dancehall, blackness and, 45; colour and,19 20; sexual behaviour and, 43 45; dancehall culture and,52 62 xviii, 27 28; 33 35; gendered,Index16579 85; and reinforcement of Labour riots (1938): and violence, 87masculine, 79 85; gun and young Lady G: and music production, 77male, 90, 93 97; negotiation in Lady Saw, xx, 62, 63, 65 67; anddancehall, 21 23; and sexuality, 38 music production, 77; slackness Identity and Conduct in Dancehall deejay, 31, 67 68Culture : UWI Faculty of Social Laing, Isaiah: and Sting, 110Sciences course in, 125 Lecturer: punaany lyrics by, 49Ideology: PNP s leftist, 1 2 Lee, Sandra: dancehall queen, 63 64Independent ooman: in dancehall, Lesbianism: attitudes to, 83xix, 34, 58 59; and gendered  Lodge : lyrical violence in, 90identity, 85  Love Punaany Bad : by ShabbaInformal commercial importers Ranks, 48 49(ICIs): development of, 8 Lyrical clash.See ClashInformal economy: dancehall and Lyrical violence: in dancehall music,the, 10 12; growth of the, 6, 7 9 88and influence of the communityDon, 93 Madonna/whore syndrome: andInternational aid: from the USA perceptions of female sexuality,(1980s), 3 4 39 40, 55 62International Monetary Fund (IMF): Male conquerer/courtier: and1976 standby agreement, 2; 1980 punaany, 48 52agreement, 3 4 Male dominance: in dancehallIRIE FM: and popular music, 15 16 culture, 52 62; in Jamaicansociety, 37; and masculine identity,Jamaica Federation of Lesbians, All- 79 85Sexuals and Gays (JFLAG): and Male/female relationships: inhomosexuality in Jamaica, 82 dancehall culture, 52 62Jamaica Labour Party (JLP): and Male homosexuals: dancehallJamaica s political development, renunciation of, xx, 79 851 2 Male prostitution, 46Josey Wales: badman deejay, 31; and Male sexuality: and empowerment,violence in dancehall music, 86 52 55; trade of, 46Manley, Michael: and democraticKing Stitt: and the development of socialism, 2deejaying, 10 Marley, Bob: conscious lyrics of, 13Kingston: crime rates in, 87 88 Masculine gaze: erotic display andKingston Metropolitan Area (KMA): the, 75 76population, 4 5 Masculinity: dancehall and the166 Indexreinforcement of, 79 85; and Performance: and identity, 126 130sexuality, 47 Plantation slavery: perceptions of Matie : by Beenie Man, 56; in sexuality in, 38dancehall culture, xix, 55 60; and Police: and dancehall events, 120gendered identity, 85 Political ideology.See Ideology Mate ah Rebel : by Cobra, 56 Politics: and violence, 92McDowell, DiMario: and Sting, 110 Politics of subversion: slackness inMiddle-class: perception of dancehall as, 19dancehall, 18 19 Popular culture: development of,Minimum wage: 1980s, 5 9 10; violence in, 85 121Miss Buff Bay contest: erotic display Portmore: growth of, 4in, 70 71 Poverty: and body image, 41; levelsMiss Dancehall contest: and erotic (1980s), 5; and partisan politics,display, 69 70 3; and violence, 88, 94 97Miss Hotty Hotty 32 33 Power: and economic status, 48Miss Thing, 33 Producers: in dancehall, 29Miss Vogue, 33 Promoters: in dancehall, 29Morant Bay Rebellion: and violence, Punaany: defining, 48 49, in87 dancehall, xixPunaany lyrics, 48 52Nardo Ranks: bleaching in lyrics of, Punaany too Sweet : by Lecturer,4449Ninjaman: badman deejay, 31; andviolence in dancehall music, 86,Race: and sexuality, 37 38; and99, 100, 107 108status, 7Noise Abatement Act (1997): andRace-gender continuum, 39dancehall music, 120Radio: and development ofdancehall, 15 16Occupations: gender and, 45 48Rasta deejay, 32Outrage: campaign against anti-Rastafari: and reggae, 12, 13, 14homosexual lyrics, 82Red Dragon: punaany lyrics by, 49Reggae Entertainment TV.SeePassa passa: and performance inRETVdancehall, 128Reggae music: and socialPatriarchy: gender and, 37; and malecommentary, 13, 14, 21homosexuality, xx, 83 85.SeeReggae Sumfest, 20; Dancehallalso Male dominanceNight, 102 103People s National Party (PNP): andReggae Sunsplash, x, 20, 50,Jamaica s political development,102 109, 111, 112, 114, 1171 2Index167Resistance: violence and political, 87 Slackness deejay, 31RETV: and growth of dancehall Slavery.See Plantation slaverymusic, 16 Sleng Teng rhythm: creation of the,Rude bwoy phenomenon: in 14dancehall, 90 91, 97, 98 Social mobility: and bleaching, 42,42; dancehall and female, 74;Sam Sharpe rebellion: and violence, occupations and, 45 4887 Social status: dancehall and,Seaga, Edward: and JLP s 1980 123 125, 128 130electoral victory, 2; and leadership Society: male dominance inof the JLP, 98 Jamaican, 37Self re-presentation: and identity, Song creators: in dancehall, 29126 130 Sound systems: and the developmentSexual lyrics, Lady Saw s, 67 68 of dancehall, 14 15Sexual stereotypes: in plantation Sound system operators: inslavery, 38 39 dancehall, 29Sexuality: gender and, xx, 37 38; Sowah, Jack: and dissemination ofand identity, xix, 38; and dancehall culture, 30, 73masculinity, 47.See also Female Spragga Benz:  Jack It Up by, 49;sexuality; Male sexuality  Matie Free Paper Bun by, 57;Shabba Ranks: and bowing, 51; punaany lyrics by, 49clash with Ninjaman at Sting Status groupings: in Jamaica, 6; and1990, 118; and dancehall, 11, 31; wealth, 23 24punaany lyrics by, 48 49, 50; Stephens, Tanya: dancehall queen,violence in lyrics by, 90 62; and male sexuality, 51 Shine and Kris : lyrical violence in, Stewart, Dr Kingsley: study of90 dancehall culture, 125Shotta: defining the, xx, 94 97 Sting: and promotion of dancehallSingers: and dancehall, 12 music 20, 109 118Sizzla: Rastafari deejay, 14, 32 Structural adjustment: and theSkatalites: and Sting (1990), 112 economy, 2, 4 5; and changingSkettel: in dancehall culture, xix, relationships between political60 62; and gendered identity, 85 leaders and Dons, 93Skin bleaching [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]